A web of events which are inter-related and highly regulated determines the fate of gene expression. Essentially, these vital events are broadly categorized into two types, namely, post-transcriptional and post-translational events. Primarily, processing mechanisms of pre-mRNA including polyadenylation, capping, splicing and modifications of RNA through changes in chromatin [Small interfering RNAs (siRNA), long non-coding RNAs, micro RNAs (miRNA)] are included under post- transcriptional events. Protein modifications including sumoylation, ubiquitination and phosphorylation are some of the events which occur at post-translational level. Both post-transcriptional and post-translational events are considered to be constitutive and also are aggravated by endogenous and exogenous factors. Particularly, in plants, regulation of gene expression is yet to be fully understood. These molecular events ensure proper occurrence of the factor(s) required which would ultimately modulate several downstream cellular processes. This review primarily focuses on some of the key post-transcriptional and post-translational events which are significant in deciding the fate of eukaryotic gene expression.