![](bg4.png)
146 EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN UPPER INTERCANINE AND INNER CANTHAL DISTANCES BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
Hamid and Mastooreh
various intra oral landmarks like Incisive papilla and
Inter-canine distance have also been taken into consid-
eration for selection and arrangement of teeth (Debnath
et al. 2014). Also, Wehner et al (1967) who suggested
extending parallel lines from the lateral surfaces of the
ala of the nose onto the labial surface of the maxil-
lary occlusion rim to estimate the inter-canine cusp tip.
Scandrett (1982) also reported a signi cant correlation
between the interalar width and the width of maxillary
anterior teeth.
The sex related correlation reported for gender and
reliability of the face biometric index, however, contro-
versial reports exist. For instance there was no correla-
tion between facial measurement for neither the popula-
tion as a whole nor when the population was divided
into sex and race. There was a correlation between facial
and teeth measurements in women while no correlation
was found in men (Al-el-Sheikh and Al-Athel, 1998). In
our study, we found this biometric ratio may not be reli-
able in women. We think that further research is needed
to determine accuracy of the observed results.
In a study by Bonakdarchian and Ghorbanipour
(2010) about the relationship between interalar width,
intercanine tip distance, and denture teeth size reported,
mean and standard deviation values for interalar width,
intercanine tip distance and the width of anterior maxil-
lary teeth were 36.38 ± 3.81, 34.15 ± 2.05, and 48.23 ±
2.068 mm, respectively. There were signi cant relations
between interalar width, intercanine tip distance and
widths of the six anterior teeth. Dimensions seem to be
greater in men. It seems the use of interalar width can
provide a more reliable predictive equation for tooth size
(Bonakdarchian and Ghorbanipour, 2010). It is reported
the innercanthal distance and interalar width cannot be
used as a preliminary method for determining the width
of the maxillary anterior teeth for edentulous patients
(Deogade et al. 2015).
Various modalities have been suggested for select-
ing the size of the anterior teeth like inter-alar distance,
inter-canthal distance, bi-zygomatic width, intercanine
width. However there is no reliable method for selec-
tion of anterior teeth and etc (Ahila et al. 2014). Patients
receiving their rst dentures often expect to appear
similar to when they had their natural teeth. Therefore,
the correct selection of the arti cial teeth is essential to
achieve a pleasant esthetic outcome. If some natural teeth
are remained, it is easier to choose arti cial teeth that
blend with the natural dentition than to choose teeth for
the edentulous patient with no pre-extraction records
available (Ahila et al. 2014). It is reported, canines tend
to exhibit the greatest gender-based morphological dif-
ference compared to other tooth groups (Berksun et al.
2002). Inter-canine width method is based on the hypoth-
esis that the maxillary canines’ distal aspects should be
located approximately at the commissures of the month
(Asal et al 2011). Gender variations in the dimension of
anterior teeth for most racial with men exhibiting wider
anterior teeth than women with the canines showing the
greatest gender variation (Hasanreisoglu et al., 2005) i.e.
for men, the canines distal aspects are distal to com-
missures. Moreover, Arja et al. (1974) reported some
gender differences; meanwhile the signi cant difference
was recorded between all males at ridge relationships.
It is suggested the innercanthal distance may be a reli-
able predictor of the width of the maxillary central inci-
sors. Interpretation and extrapolation of the results must
be tempered, however, by an acknowledgement of the
study’s limitations. The innercanthal distance should be
used only as a reference value in estimations of central
incisor width (Reddy et al. 2014). In conclusion, these
results could be used as a helpful guide for selection of
the anterior teeth width in the population of patients.
This biometric ratio may not be reliable in women.
REFERENCES
Ahila SC, Vaishnavi P, Muthu Kumar B.(2014) Comparative
evaluation of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth width
with the length of index and little nger. J Indian Prosthodont
Soc (July-Sept 2014) 14(3):215–218
Al-el-Sheikh HM, Al-Athel MS. (1998)The relationship of
interalar width, interpupillary width and maxillary ante-
rior teeth width in Saudi population. Odontostomatol Trop.
1998;21(84):7-10.
Arja, B.S., Savara, B.S., Thomas, D., et al., 1974. Relation of
sex and occlusion to mesiodistal tooth size. Am. J. Orthod. 66,
479–486.
Asal S, Al-Shehri SA, Rashad HMA.2011Canine location in dif-
ferent maxillomandibular relationships in Egyptians and Sau-
dis. The Saudi Dental Journal 23, 37–42
Baer ML, Reynolds MA.1992 Comparison of anterior tooth
width in natural and arti cial dentitions. J Prosthodon 1992;
1: 84-7.
Berksun S, Hasanreisoglu U, Gokdeniz B. 2002 Computer-
based evaluation of gender identi cation and morphologic
classi cation of tooth face and arch forms. J Prosthet Dent
;88:578-84.
Bonakdarchian M, Ghorbanipour R. 2010 Study on the rela-
tionship between interalar width, intercanine tip distance, and
denture teeth size. Journal of Isfahan Dental School 6(3): 207-
213.
Debnath N, Gupta R, Meenakshi A, kumar S, Dahota S, Rawat
P. 2014 Relationship of inter-condylar distance with inter-den-
tal distance of maxillary arch and occlusal vertical dimension:
a clinical anthropometric study. Journal of Clinical and Diag-
nostic Research, Vol-8(12): ZC39-ZC43
Deogade SC, Mantri SS, Sumathi K, Rajoriya S.2015. The rela-
tionship between innercanthal dimension and interalar width